Thailand’s Evolving Cannabis Regulation: A New Era for Controlled Herbs

Introduction to New Regulations

On January 6, 2026, Public Health Minister Pattana Promphat announced significant developments regarding Thailand’s cannabis oversight. The cabinet recently approved a draft ministerial regulation aimed at governing the permits for studying, researching, exporting, selling, or processing “controlled herbs,” including cannabis, for commercial purposes. This regulatory update signifies an important step in adapting to the changing landscape of cannabis usage in Thailand.

Revising the Existing Framework

The existing framework, established in 2016, has become increasingly outdated as the cannabis sector has evolved. Minister Promphat emphasized the necessity of a dedicated control mechanism to regulate the commercial aspects of cannabis—specifically regarding its sale, export, and processing. The intent is clear: to protect consumers and minimize potential negative impacts on communities due to irresponsible practices.

Seller and Facility Requirements

Under the new regulation, it will be essential for sellers to operate from legally designated facilities. This change aims to improve consumer safety and ensure accountability in the dispensing of cannabis. Minister Promphat noted that medical practitioners would be tasked with prescribing cannabis, and personnel authorized to dispense it will be clearly identified. This setup is expected to bolster the professional handling of cannabis-based treatments, reinforcing patient trust in medical cannabis.

Transition for Existing Businesses

For those already involved in the cannabis business, the transition period appears manageable. Shops that currently hold valid licenses will be permitted to continue their operations under existing conditions. However, the clock is ticking; once the new regulations come into force, any license renewals or new applications must comply with the updated criteria. This shift implies that cannabis-related businesses will need to adjust their operations to align with the new regulatory landscape.

Medical Facilities Prepared for Demand

A focus of the new regulations is ensuring that patients who rely on cannabis for medical treatments will continue to have access to their medications. Minister Promphat reassured the public that hospitals across the country possess adequate licensed personnel to meet patient demands. By centralizing cannabis dispensing through medical facilities, the government aims to facilitate a reliable supply chain for therapeutic cannabis.

Current Business Landscape

As of December 28, 2025, the landscape for cannabis establishments is vibrant yet turbulent. There are approximately 18,433 cannabis-related businesses operating nationwide. However, the statistics reveal concerning trends: in 2025 alone, 8,636 licenses expired, but only 1,339—about 15.5%—submitted renewal applications. This has left an estimated 11,136 establishments operational, with 4,587 licenses set to expire in 2026 and 5,210 more following in 2027.

Upgrading Standards for Facilities

The new ministerial regulation is poised to elevate operational standards within the cannabis industry. Only specific types of premises will be eligible for licenses, including medical facilities, pharmacies, herbal product retailers, and traditional healer workplaces. Importantly, regulated facilities must implement effective odor and smoke elimination systems to minimize disruptions to local communities.

Storage and Quality Control Measures

Quality control is a backbone of the new regulatory framework. Establishments will be required to develop specifically sized warehouses for cannabis storage, ensuring that products are isolated to avoid contamination. Strict controls regarding temperature and humidity, as well as prohibitions against placing products directly on the floor, emphasize the importance of maintaining cannabis quality.

Staffing and Training Requirements

Employee qualifications will also see an upgrade. The new regulation mandates that at least one worker on duty at all times has completed training endorsed by the Department of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine. This training ensures that staff are well-versed in safety protocols and operational regulations, ultimately enhancing the professionalism of cannabis operations.

Transition Period and Future Implications

During the transition period, existing licenses will remain valid until their expiry. However, all subsequent renewals must adhere to the forthcoming standards, even for applications made before the new regulation is officially in effect. The ministry’s clear outline provides businesses with guidance on how to navigate upcoming changes, promoting a smoother transition toward compliance.

Through these updates, Thailand aims not only to regulate cannabis more effectively but also to foster an environment where patients can receive reliable treatment and businesses can operate within a clear framework. The evolving landscape of cannabis regulation in Thailand marks a crucial step in shaping the future of this burgeoning industry.